Earlier, for every transaction that you made, you had to pay for it in cash. But in today's world, the case is not the same after the invention of plastic money such as credit and debit cards.
Each and every transaction are made with plastic money only. Even financial institutions encourages this plastic money as these are cost effective in maintenance and issuance. This plastic money are profiting the issuing agencies in the form commission or charges or interest on credit they provided. Card transaction is often more secure than other forms of payment, such as cheques, because the issuing bank commits to pay the merchant the moment the transaction is authorized, regardless of whether the consumer defaults on the credit card payment or with any dispute and it reduce the back office expense of processing checks/cash and transporting them to the bank. The main benefit to the cardholder is convenience.
May be, most of you people aware of this credit card culture but i assured you that after reading this article, you will get some more useful information about credit cards. Lets get into the article.
What is a Credit Card?
A card issued by a financial institution that allows holder to pay for goods and services at merchant stores around the world on revolving line of credit based on the cardholder's promise to the card issuer to pay them for the amounts so paid plus the other agreed charges with in the prescribed time limit by issuer.
There are many banks and financial institutions in India that offer different types of credit cards such as travel credit card, entertainment credit card, lifestyle credit card, co-branded credit card, etc. Providers generally classify these cards based on the annual income of the cardholders. Different cards offer different rewards so cardholders can choose a card depending on their requirements. For example – if someone travel regularly, a travelling rewards credit card or Co-branded travel credit card will benefit them more compared to other types of cards.
Understanding Credit Card Numbers
There are 16 digits on every credit card. The very first digit present on a credit card signifies its system. 3 stands for travel or entertainment card, 4 stands for Visa card, 5 stands for MasterCard and 6 stands for Discover Card.
The card number structure varies by the system. For example a Diners Club card will start with 38, whereas, the American Express cards will start with 37.
American Express – The third and fourth digit specify the type and currency. Starting from the fifth digit till the eleventh digit is the account number. From the twelfth digit till the fourteenth digit is the card number within the account. The fifteenth digit is a check digit.
Visa – From the second digit till the sixth digit is the bank number. From the seventh digit till the twelfth digit or from the seventh digit till the fifteenth digit is the account number. The thirteenth digit or the sixteenth digit is the check digit.
MasterCard – The second and third digit, the second digit up to the fourth digit, the second digit up to the fifth digit or the second digit up to the sixth digit is the bank number. This depends if the second digit is 1,2,3 or anything other than that. The digits after bank number up to the fifteenth digit are the account number. The sixteenth digit is a check digit.
Features of a Credit Card
Banks offer amazing features on their credit cards. These features vary depending on the card provider and the type of credit card that people purchase. Some of them are as follows:
Accepted Globally – Today, most credit cards that are issued in India are international cards and are accepted by various merchants all over the world.
Balance Transfer – Credit cardholders can transfer the outstanding balance of their existing cards issued by one bank to the credit card account of another bank. Doing so helps them in saving money and repaying the amount at a low rate of interest. Banks offer various balance transfer options to their cardholders, which allows them to repay the amount on a monthly basis within a tenure of their choice.
Installment Payment Plan – Many banks offer the installment payment option to their cardholders. This feature allows cardholders to convert their transactions into monthly installments. Cardholders can choose the tenure for their EMI plan. Generally, these plans have very attractive interest rates. There are some banks that offer 0% installment payment plans to their customers.
Loans on Credit Cards – Some credit cards offer pre-approved loans to their holders at low interest rates.
Utility Bill Payment – Credit Cards have made it easy and quick for people to pay their utility bills. Using their cards, cardholders can pay all their utility bills online at one go.
Alerts – Credit cardholders receive bill payment reminders via SMS and e-mail from their banks every month, which helps them in not missing out on their monthly payments.
E-statement – Most banks today provide e-statements to their credit cardholders at the end of every billing cycle. Cardholders can access this statement at any time online.
Joining Fees – When customers apply for a credit card, they have to pay a certain amount for enrolment, known as the joining fee. There are certain cards that do not have any joining fee as well.
Annual Fees – Every credit cardholder have to pay a fixed amount to renew their card every year. This amount is called the annual fee or renewal fee. This amount varies depending on the card that a person opts for. Some banks waive this fee for their customers for a period of minimum 1 year as benefit for achieving certain spends milestone.
Lifetime Free Card – There are some banks that offer lifetime fee credit cards, which means cardholders do not have to pay any annual fee for these cards.
Lost Card Liability – Many banks offer lost card liability coverage to their credit cardholders. This feature protects the cardholders from fraudulent transactions that made using their cards after they have reported its loss to their card provider.
Insurance Coverage – Some banks offer insurance protection on certain credit cards they offer. For example – travel insurance, life insurance, etc.
Cash withdrawal facility – Credit cardholders can use their cards to withdraw money from ATMs. Banks charge a small fee for the service and cardholders can instantly avail money in any part of the world.
24x7 phone banking Service – Banks offer 24x7 phone banking service to all their credit card holders. Some banks have a separate helpline number for their cardholders. Cardholders can contact on this number to get any assistance related to their card. For example – They can contact the department to avail concierge services, make card replacement requests, report loss of cards, etc.
Credit Card Bill Payment – Banks allow their credit cardholders to pay their credit card bills online and offline. Cardholders can use NEFT, Internet Banking, Cash, Cheques, etc. facilities to pay their bills.
Benefits of a Credit Card
Welcome Gift – Many banks offer a welcome gift to new credit card applicants once the card is issued to them. This gift can be in the form of bonus points, gift vouchers, discounts, etc. The welcome gift differs depending on the card and the bank.
Rewards Program – All credit cards generally have a reward program, which allows cardholders to earn reward points on every transaction they make using their cards. The amount of points that cardholders can earn per transaction is fixed and differs from card to card. The points that card members collect can be redeemed for various gifts that are listed in the rewards catalogue of the cards. These gifts can be discounts, product, services, cashback offers, etc. Some credit cards allow card members to redeem their points against air miles and cash as well.
Fuel Surcharge Waiver – Many banks offer fuel surcharge waiver to credit cardholders when they spend specific amount of money on fuel every month. This offer is available on fuel transactions made at all Indian petrol bunks.
Cashback Benefits – There are certain credit cards that offer cashback benefits to the customers. The amount of cashback that will be offered depends on the provider.
Lifestyle Benefits – Cardholders can enjoy various lifestyle benefits on their credit cards. Lifestyle benefits include dining, shopping, golf, wellness, entertainment, etc. privileges.
Travel Benefits – This is one of the major reasons for credit cards being so popular among people. There are some credit cards that offer amazing travel benefits to the customers. Travel benefits include air miles, airport lounge access, travel insurance, airline offers, hotel offers, etc.
Airport Lounge Access – Some credit cards offer complimentary airport lounge access to the cardholders. The offer varies from one bank to another. Some banks put a limit on the number of visits, while some others allow access only to Indian airport lounges.
Exclusive Privileges from Visa/American Express/MasterCard – Visa, MasterCard and American Express are three popular and recognized credit card variants. Depending on the variant of your card, you can enjoy exclusive lifestyle, travel, etc. offers from MasterCard/Visa/American Express.
Add-on Cards – Many banks allow their credit cardholders to apply for add-on cards for their immediate family members. Most card issuers offer add-on cards for free, but some of them limit the amount of add-on cards that one can apply for. Cardholders can enjoy all the privileges of their primary cards on their add-on cards.
Air Miles – Certain credit cards such as travel or Airline cards offer Air Miles to their customers. These miles can be JPMiles, Air India Air Miles, etc. Cardholders can collect these miles and redeem them to avail flight tickets and other travel benefits.
Credit Card Grace Period:
Most credit cards provide a grace period to the cardholders. Grace period is the time given to credit cardholders to pay off their credit card bills without incurring any interest on the outstanding amount. Grace period is also known as interest free credit period. The time period varies depending on the banks and the type of card. Generally, banks provide a minimum grace period of 20 days to their cardholders, starting from the day they receive their credit card bills. In India, most banks offer a maximum grace period of 50 days.
How to use a credit card?
It is very easy to use a credit card. When banks issue a credit card, they create a revolving account for that card. Once the customers receive their credit cards, they can use it to make purchases on credit. This credit is actually the amount that cardholders have borrowed from the card issuer. They have to repay the outstanding amount at the end of every billing cycle. There is a limit on the amount of credit that one can use and cardholders should make sure they don’t exceed this limit.
To make payments using their credit cards, cardholders have to simply get their cards swiped at merchant stores and authenticate the transaction by entering their PIN number. Some credit cards do not require you to enter a PIN number. If you are using your card to make online payment, make sure the website is a secure one. Enter your credit card details on the checkout section and authenticate the payment by entering the PIN or OTP (One Time Password).
How to calculate EMI for Credit Cards?
Credit Cardholders can choose to convert certain transactions of theirs into monthly installments. Card providers allow customers to choose the repayment period for their EMI (Equated Monthly Installment) plans. Some banks nowadays offer 0% interest installment payment plans to their credit cardholders. According to this plan, no interest is charged on the monthly installments, which means cardholders have to pay the principal amount in parts within the tenure they have chosen.
Some banks charge a low interest rate on the EMI plans of credit cards. In this case, the EMI amount comprises of the principal amount and the interest rate. So, every month cardholders are supposed to repay this amount, until they clear off their debt. They can calculate their installment amount per month before applying for the plan by using an EMI Calculator online. This calculator will help them in figuring out how much they will be paying every month if they opted for a certain EMI plan. To use the EMI calculator, they have to simply enter details like the interest rate, principal amount and the tenure in it.
Read : What Do Affect Your Credit Score
Read : What Do Affect Your Credit Score
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Hello, welcome to my blog, Smart Investor. I'm Satyanarayana, a banker & blogger, Investor from Visakha -patnam, India. You can read more about SML here.
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